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Strangulation and ‘Choking’ Factsheet

Strangulation and ‘Choking’ Factsheet

  • ● Oct, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Guidance

When strangulation (external pressure to the neck) is used in the context of consensual sex, is it more commonly referred to as ‘choking’ or perhaps another term like ‘breath play'. This fact sheet lays out the risks of this dangerous practice.

Domestic Homicide Review Series Part Three

An analysis of Domestic Homicide Reviews with fatal strangulation (Report 3)

  • ● Aug, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Research report

This report provides a detailed exploration into demographics, circumstances of the homicides, and an analysis of domestic abuse histories whereby the method of killing in the domestic homicide was strangulation.

Non-Fatal Strangulation Proforma (IFAS – July 2024)

Non-fatal strangulation proforma (IFAS - July 2024)

  • ● Jul, 2024
  • IFAS
  • PDF

This proforma focuses on the non-fatal strangulation (NFS) elements of an examination and as such should be used as an adjunct to other clinical documentation e.g., SARC proforma/ED/custody proforma etc.

Guidance for Police Management of Strangulation

Guidance for Police Management of Strangulation

  • ● May, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Survey Guidance

Guidance for the police management of strangulation cases, intended to enhance the response to strangulation. This is under consultation until Friday 26th July. Download the guidance and respond to our consultation survey.

Experiences of strangulation in the sex industry

Experiences of strangulation in the sex industry

  • ● May, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Survey

Survey to help better understand the experiences of strangulation in the sex industry in the UK.

Strangulation Data Capture Guidance for Services

Strangulation Data Capture Guidance

  • ● Apr, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Guidance

Guidance produced by IFAS to support front-line services in responding to, monitoring, and reporting on strangulation. This guidance has been supported by findings from an IFAS survey, also reported in this guidance document.

Prosecution and Sentencing of Strangulation and Suffocation Offences Report 2024

Prosecution and Sentencing of Strangulation and Suffocation Offences Report 2024

  • ● Apr, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Research report

A report into the latest data surrounding the prosecution and conviction of strangulation and suffocation cases in England and Wales from the first year post-legislation (up to 6th June 2023).

VKPP Year 3 Report – IFAS Response

VKPP Year 3 Report - IFAS Response

  • ● Apr, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Review article

A short overview of general findings from three years of data* analysed by the Vulnerability Knowledge and Practice Programme (VKPP).

Killed by strangulation: data from ONS year ending March 2023

Killed by strangulation: data from ONS year ending March 2023

  • ● Apr, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Review article

An overview of homicide data published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) on strangulation as a method of killing year ending March 2023.

Strangulation and Suffocation Offences Police Data Report 2024

Strangulation and Suffocation Offences Police Data Report 2024

  • ● Feb, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Research report

A report into the latest data surrounding strangulation and suffocation cases recorded by police forces across England and Wales in the first year post-legislation (up to June 6th, 2023).

Domestic Homicide Review Series Part One

An analysis of Domestic Homicide Reviews with fatal suffocation and smothering (Report 1)

  • ● Feb, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Research report

This report provides a detailed exploration into victim/perpetrator demographics and offers new insights into suffocation and smothering in domestic homicide, including the associated patterns and characteristics of such cases.

Domestic Homicide Review Series Part Two

An analysis of Domestic Homicide Reviews with a history of non- fatal strangulation (Report 2)

  • ● Feb, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Research report

This report provides a detailed exploration into the victims and perpetrators of non-fatal strangulation, reporting of non-fatal strangulation to the police and the use of formal domestic abuse risk assessments in cases of non-fatal strangulation.

Guidelines for clinical management of non-fatal strangulation in acute and emergency care services

Guidelines for clinical management of non-fatal strangulation in acute and emergency care services

  • ● Feb, 2024
  • IFAS
  • Guidance

Guidelines on the clinical management of non-fatal strangulation, developed by an Intercollegiate Group in response to the increased understanding of its dangers and prevalence and in the absence of existing UK guidelines.

Report into Strangulation, Suffocation, Asphyxiation and Smothering Homicides in England and Wales from 2011 to 2021

Report into Strangulation, Suffocation, Asphyxiation & Smothering Homicides in England &Wales from 2011- 2021

  • ● Sep, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Research report Data

There were 342 strangulation homicides from 2011 to 2021 and 75% of these victims were female. Overall, female victims of strangulation homicide aged 16+ were 54 times more likely to have been killed by an ex-partner or partner than a male victim.

What is strangulation?

What is strangulation?

  • ● Aug, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Video Guidance

What is strangulation, the health impact of strangulation and the prevalence of strangulation in England and Wales.

How much pressure is required to cause strangulation?

How much pressure is required to cause strangulation?

  • ● Aug, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Video Guidance

Listen to Dr Cath White as she details what actually happens to the body when someone is strangled.

What are the immediate symptoms of strangulation?

What are the immediate symptoms of strangulation?

  • ● Aug, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Video Guidance

Dr Cath White details what the immediate, short term and long term health impacts of strangulation and how a victim may present.

Information leaflet for victims of strangulation (all versions)

Information Leaflet for Victims of Strangulation (all versions)

  • ● Jul, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Guidance

Our guidance for victims/survivors of strangulation is now available in English, Welsh, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Urdu and Punjabi in plain text for accessibility.

ONS Data on Non-Fatal Strangulation & Suffocation June – December 2022

ONS Data on Non-Fatal Strangulation & Suffocation June - December 2022

  • ● Jun, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Research report Data

The Institute submitted a freedom of information request to the Office for National Statistics to obtain data on the new offences. The questions asked can be found in this short report. This report provides an overview of the data received from ONS.

Access the latest guidance on non-fatal strangulation in physical and sexual assault

Access the latest guidance on non-fatal strangulation in physical and sexual assault

  • ● Apr, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Guidance

Access our guidance on non-fatal strangulation in physical and sexual assault and explore the variety of signs and symptoms victims/survivors of strangulation may have.

What is the Institute For Addressing Strangulation and what are their aims?

What is the Institute For Addressing Strangulation and what are their aims?

  • ● Mar, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Video

Watch our latest video on the journey of creating the Institute and the ambitious plans to ensure all victims/survivors of strangulation receive the best response.

UK prevalence of strangulation and suffocation

UK prevalence of strangulation and suffocation

  • ● Feb, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Data

1 in 4 women accessing community and refuge service reported having experienced strangulation or suffocation. Read the latest data on prevalence of strangulation and how IFAS aims to address gaps in the knowledge & inform best practice.

Leaflet – information for victims of strangulation

Information leaflet for victims of strangulation

  • ● Jan, 2023
  • IFAS
  • Guidance

Strangulation is serious and there is no safe way to be strangled. Only 50% of people who are strangled will have a visible neck injury. Read our guidance for victims/survivors of strangulation.

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